1. Introduction
Alebrijes are colorful, imaginative sculptures of fantastical creatures that are an important part of Mexican folk art. They are typically made from wood or paper mache and feature intricate designs and patterns. These sculptures are known for their unique and vibrant appearance, and they have become a symbol of Mexican culture.
While the origins of alebrijes are not directly linked to the concept of naguales or tonas, some people believe that there is a connection between them. According to one theory, Linares was inspired to create his alebrijes after having a feverish dream in which he saw a fantastical world filled with creatures that were part-animal, part-monster.
Some people believe that these creatures may have been naguales or tonas, and that Linares was tapping into the same spiritual realm that indigenous Oaxacan people draw upon when they create or connect with their own spirit guides. Others see the connection between alebrijes and naguales as more of a symbolic one, with both representing the power of the imagination and the ability to transcend ordinary reality.
2. Tonas and Naguales
In many indigenous Mexican cultures, including Oaxacan indigenous culture, belief in the supernatural is deeply rooted. There are many different kinds of protective spirits and guides in these cultures, and it is believed that each person has a unique animal spirit guide, known as a nagual, and an animal protector, know as a tona.
A “tona” is a protective spirit that is believed to accompany a person from the moment of their birth. It is said that each person has their own tona, which is usually represented as an animal or a natural element, such as a tree or a rock. The tona is believed to protect the person and guide them throughout their life, and it is often seen as a source of strength and wisdom.
The “nagual” is another important concept in indigenous Mexican cultures. It is believed to be a spiritual guide that takes the form of an animal. The nagual is said to be a kind of double of a person, and it is believed to have a deep connection with them. It is said that the nagual can offer protection, guidance, and even healing to the person it is connected to. In some indigenous Mexican cultures, it is believed that a person’s nagual can be revealed to them through dreams or visions, and that they can develop a deep spiritual connection with their nagual over time.
Examples of the Animals
In Oaxacan indigenous communities, there are many different animals that are believed to be associated with tonas and naguales. Here are some examples:
- Deer (venado)
- Jaguar (jaguar)
- Coyote (coyote)
- Rabbit (conejo)
- Turkey (guajolote)
- Eagle (águila)
- Snake (serpiente)
- Owl (búho)
- Hummingbird (colibrí)
- Spider (araña)
Each animal has its own symbolism and meaning. For example, the deer is often associated with grace, agility, and sensitivity, while the jaguar is seen as a powerful and mystical creature with a deep connection to the natural world. The rabbit, on the other hand, is often seen as a symbol of fertility and abundance, while the turkey is associated with community and generosity.
Similarly, each tona and nagual is believed to have its own unique traits and characteristics that can guide and protect an individual throughout their life. By identifying their tonas and naguales, people in Oaxaca can gain a deeper understanding of themselves and their place in the world, as well as connect with the natural world and the spirits that inhabit it.
Identifying your Tona and Nagual
The process of identifying one’s tona or nagual can vary depending on the specific indigenous culture and traditions that a person follows. In many cases, the tona or nagual is believed to reveal itself to the person through dreams or visions, or through a spiritual ceremony with a shaman or spiritual leader.
In some cases, a person may have a strong connection with a particular animal or natural element, and they may feel that this represents their tona or nagual. For example, a person may feel a deep affinity with a particular type of bird, and they may believe that this bird is their tona or nagual.
It’s important to note that identifying one’s tona or nagual is a deeply personal and spiritual process, and it may not be something that can be done easily or quickly. It often requires a strong connection with one’s own spirituality and an openness to receiving guidance and insight from the spiritual world.
If you’re interested in learning more about identifying your tona or nagual, I would recommend speaking with a shaman or spiritual leader who is knowledgeable about the indigenous Mexican traditions and beliefs. They may be able to guide you through the process and offer insight and guidance based on their own experience and knowledge.
3. Alebrijes
The origins of alebrijes can be traced back to Mexico City in the 1930s when artist Pedro Linares had a feverish dream in which he saw a fantastical world filled with strange creatures. He began creating the creatures he had seen in his dream out of papier-mâché and paint, and soon began to sell them in the markets of Mexico City. Over time, alebrijes became popular throughout Mexico and are now an important part of Mexican folk art.
Alebrijes are often associated with the Day of the Dead celebrations, which take place in Mexico in late October and early November. During this time, large-scale alebrijes are often paraded through the streets in elaborate processions. Alebrijes are also used as decorations and are often found in traditional markets and shops throughout Mexico.
While alebrijes are not directly linked to any specific religious or spiritual tradition, they are often seen as symbols of the power of the imagination and the ability to transcend ordinary reality. They have become an important part of Mexican culture and are cherished as both works of art and symbols of national identity.
Where to get alebrijes
Alebrijes can be found in various markets and shops throughout Mexico, particularly in the state of Oaxaca where they are often made. Some of the best places to find high-quality, authentic alebrijes include:
- Oaxaca City: This city is known for its rich tradition of alebrijes, and there are many shops and markets that specialize in selling them.
- San Martín Tilcajete: This small town in Oaxaca is known for its alebrijes and is home to many skilled artisans who make them.
- Mexico City: While not as well-known for its alebrijes as Oaxaca, Mexico City has several markets and shops that sell them, particularly in the neighborhood of San Ángel.
- Online: Many Mexican artisans now sell their alebrijes online, making it easier than ever to purchase these unique and beautiful works of art from anywhere in the world.
Can I get my own alebrijes?
Yes, you can make your own alebrijes! In fact, many workshops and classes are available in Mexico, particularly in the state of Oaxaca, where you can learn how to make alebrijes from skilled artisans. These classes typically provide you with the materials and tools needed to make your own alebrijes, as well as guidance from experienced instructors.
If you are unable to travel to Mexico to attend a workshop, you can also find alebrije-making kits and instructional materials online or in specialty craft stores. These kits typically include unpainted wooden or papier-mâché figures, as well as paint and brushes, allowing you to create your own unique alebrije designs at home.
Making your own alebrijes can be a fun and rewarding experience, allowing you to connect with Mexican culture and express your creativity at the same time.
In Conclusion
In conclusion, alebrijes, tonas, and naguales are all important aspects of Mexican culture and folklore. While alebrijes are colorful and intricate sculptures made from papier-mâché or wood, tonas and naguales are spiritual guides and protectors in indigenous Zapotec and Mixtec traditions. While they may seem like different things on the surface, there is a common thread of artistry and creativity that ties them together.
Alebrijes, with their vibrant colors and imaginative designs, capture the spirit of Mexican folk art and are a beautiful and unique addition to any collection. Meanwhile, the concept of tonas and naguales speaks to the deep spiritual beliefs of the indigenous people of Oaxaca and their connection to the natural world.
Together, these traditions represent the richness and diversity of Mexican culture, and serve as a testament to the country’s vibrant artistic and spiritual heritage.
OpenAI. (2023). Alebrijes, Tonas and Naguales. Reviewed and edited by VivMo Projects, LLC.